Annotated English-German
Glossary of Religion and Faiths
Religious, Biblical, and Scriptural
Vocabulary - Part 2
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Noun genders are indicated by: r (der, masc.), e (die, fem.), s (das, neu.)
Abbreviations: adj. (adjective), Cath. (Catholic), n. (noun), obs. (obsolete, outdated), pl. (plural), Prot. (Protestant), sing. (singular), v. (verb); plural forms are indicated in ( ): r Muslim (-s), e Nonne (-n)
Religious Glossary L-Z
Religious Glossary > A-K > L-Z
L
Lamentations Die Klagelieder Jeremias
Last Supper, the das (Letzte) Abendmahl
Latter-Day Saints die Heiligen der Letzten Tage
Lent e Fastenzeit
Lenten Fasten-
See: Holiday Calendar 3
Leviticus Das dritte Buch Mose (Levitikus)
liturgy e Liturgie
Lord r Herr
the Lord our God Gott der Herr
to rest in the Lord im Herrn ruhen
Lord's Prayer, Paternoster das Vaterunser
Luke Lukas
Also see: Die Bibel - Weihnachten (Christmas)
Luther, Martin (1483-1546) Martin Luther (German religious reformer - der Reformator - who began the Protestant Church.)
In the record time of just ten weeks Luther translated the New Testament of the Bible into German in the Wartburg Castle in Wittenberg, Germany. Luther's first complete Bible in German appeared in 1534.
M
Mark Markus
martyr r Märtyrer/e Märtyrerin
to be martyred den Märtyrertod sterben ("die a martyr's death")
to become a martyr zum Märtyrer werden
to make a martyr of oneself den Märtyrer spielen
martyrdom r Märtyrertod (death)
martyrdom s Märtyrium (suffering)
mass (service, music) e Messe
High Mass e hohe Messe
to go to mass zur Messe gehen
to say/hold mass e Messe lesen/halten
Matthew Matthäus
meditate meditieren
meditation e Meditation
merciful adj. barmherzig
mercy e Barmherzigkeit
Sisters of Mercy (nursing order) Barmherzige Schwestern
(Web: Austria | Germany)
Messiah r Messias
Messianic messianisch
Methodist adj. methodistisch
Methodist r Methodist, e Methodistin
Micah Micha
Michaelmas s Michaelis (29 Sept.) See: German Holiday Calendar (2)
minister, pastor r Pfarrer
miracle s Wunder (-)
to perform miracles Wunder tun/wirken
miraculous wundersam
miraculous powers die Wunderkräfte
monastery s Mönchskloster
monk r Mönch
monotheism r Monotheismus
pantheism r Pantheismus
polytheism r Polytheismus
Mormon adj. mormonisch
Mormon r Mormone, e Mormonin
Moses Mose
Moslem, Muslim n. r Muslim (-s), e Muslime (-n)
mosque e Moschee
Muslim (see "Moslem" above)
Names of the Books of the Bible
Listed in English and German.
N
Nazareth s Nazareth
Jesus of Nazareth Jesus von Nazareth
Joseph of Nazareth Joseph von Nazareth
New Testament Neues Testament
Books of the New Testament
Nicholas r Nikolaus
Numbers das vierte Buch Mose (Numeri)
nun e Nonne (-n), e Schwester (-n)
nunnery, cloister s Kloster, s Nonnenkloster
O
Obidiah Obadja
omnipotent adj. allmächtig
Old Testament Altes Testament
Books of the Old Testament
order (religious) r Orden
Benedictine Order r Benediktinerorden
orthodox orthodox
orthodox church e Orthodoxe Kirche
P
Palestine s Palästina
Palestinian adj. palästinensisch
Palestinian (person) r Palästinenser, e Palästinenserin
pantheism r Pantheismus
monotheism r Monotheismus
polytheism r Polytheismus
papacy s Papsttum
papal adj. päpstlich
parable e Parabel, s Gleichnis
parish e Kirchengemeinde
Passion, the (relig.) e Passion
passion play s Passionsspiel
Note: The world's most famous passion play takes place every ten years in Oberammergau, Germany. The first staging took place in 1634, out of gratitude for the town being spared from the plague. The next performance is scheduled for 2010.
Passover s Passah
pastor, minister r Pfarrer
Paternoster, Lord's Prayer das Vaterunser
patriarch r Patriarch
Paul Paulus (in Bible)
peace r Friede(n)
may he/she rest in peace er/sie ruhe in Frieden
Rest in Peace Ruhe in Frieden (RIP, Lat., requiescat in pace)
the Peace of God der Friede Gottes
Pentateuch (Bible) r Pentateuch, die fünf Bücher Mose
Pentecost (Christian) s Pfingsten
Pentecost, Shabuoth (Jewish) s Erntefest
See: Holiday Calendar
pentecostal adj. Pfingst-
pentecostal church e Pfingstkirche
Peter Petrus (in Bible)
Pharao r Pharoah
Pharisee r Pharisäer, e Pharisäerin
piety e Frommheit
pious fromm
Pontius Pilate r Pontius Pilatus
pope r Papst - See: German Cardinal Ratzinger Becomes Pope Benedict XVI - Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger succeeded John Paul II as pope in 2005.
pray v. beten
prayer s Gebet
preach predigen
preacher r Prediger
Presbyterian adj. presbyterianisch
Presbyterian r Presbyterianer, e Presbyterianerin
priest r Priester
Protestant adj. evangelisch, protestantisch
Protestant Church e evangelische Kirche
Proverbs (of Solomon) Sprüche (Salomos)
Psalm r Psalm
Psalms Psalmen (Book of Psalms)
Psalter Der Psalter (Book of Psalms)
pulpit e Kanzel
from the pulpit von der Kanzel herab
purgatory s Fegefeuer
in purgatory im Fegefeuer
Q
Q Q, e Quelle (source)
Q and the hypothetical gospel. Some New Testament scholars believe there is a missing gospel, termed Q for "Quelle" (German for source). Although no actual copy of Q—the "Gospel of Thomas"—has ever been found, there are tantalizing clues indicating that it may have existed at one time. (For more see "Q - The Hypothetical Gospel" from PBS/Frontline.)
Quran (Koran) r Koran
R
redeem (sin) erlösen
Redeemer, the (Savior) r Erlöser, r Heiland, r Retter
redemption e Erlösung
Reformation, the die Reformation (Protestant reformation)
Reformed Church e reformierte Kirche
Note: Protestant denominations that began with the reforms of Zwingli and Calvin.
Reformer, the r Reformator = Martin Luther
religion e Religion, r Glaube(n)
religious religiös
religious freedom e Glaubensfreiheit, e Religionsfreiheit
religious instruction r Religionsunterricht
religious leader r Religionsführer
religious war r Glaubenskrieg, r Religionskrieg
repentance e Reue
repentant reuig
a repentant sinner ein reuiger Sünder
resurrect v., relig. auferstehen lassen
Resurrection, the die Auferstehung
Revelations die Offenbarung des Johannes
Ruth Rut
Romans (Epistle to the Romans) Der Brief des Paulus an die Römer
rosary r Rosenkranz
to say the rosary den Rosenkranz beten
S
sabbath r Sabbat
sacrament s Sakrament
sacramental sakramental
sacred adj. heilig
Sacred Heart s Herz Jesu
sacrifice n. s Opfer (act)
sacrifice n. e Opfergabe (thing sacrificed)
sacrifice v. opfern
sacrificial Opfer-
sacrificial lamb s Opferlamm
sacrilege r Kirchenraub, s Sakrileg
sacrilegious adj. sakrilegisch, frevelhaft
saint r Sankt
salvation e Rettung, s Heil
Salvation Army e Heilsarmee
Samaritan r Samariter
the Good Samaritan der barmherzige Samariter
savior, saviour r Erlöser, r Retter, r Heiland
Also see: Die Bibel - Weihnachten (Christmas)
scriptural adj. biblisch
scriptural passage, biblical text e Bibelstelle
scripture (Holy Scriptures) die (Heilige) Schrift, die biblische Geschichte
sect e Sekte
Note: In German, eine Sekte is just about any religion other than Catholic (Eastern or Western) or Lutheran (die evangelische Kirche), i.e., Baptists, Methodists, Scientologists, Mormons, Seventh Day Adventists, etc.
secular säkular
secularization e Säkularisation
secularize säkularisieren
sermon e Predigt
Sermon on the Mount die Bergpredigt
shepherd r Hirt
Shroud of Turin, the das Turiner Grabtuch
sin e Sünde (-n)
sinner r Sünder (-), e Sünderin (-en)
Solomon Salomos, Salomon
Son of God r Gottessohn
Son of Man r Menschensohn
Song of Solomon (Canticles) das Hohelied Salomos
Song of Songs das Lied der Lieder, das Hohelied Salomos
soothsayer r Wahrsager, e Wahrsagerin
soul e Seele (-n)
steeple r Kirchturm
stigmata die Stigmata (pl.) (Manifestationen der Wunden Jesu)
synagogue e Synagoge (-n)
synod e Synode
T
tabernacle (church) s Gotteshaus, s Sakramenthäuschen
tabernacle (receptacle) r/s Tabernakel
Tabernacle, the (Bible) e Stifthütte
Taoism r Taoismus, Daoismus
temple r Tempel
temple (synagogue) e Synagoge
temptation e Versuchung
lead us not into temptation (Bible) führe uns nicht in Versuchung
The Ten Commandments Die zehn Gebote
See the Ten Commandments in German.
tithe r Zehnte
tithe, pay tithes den Zehnten bezahlen
Torah e Thora
translate übersetzen
translation e Übersetzung
Trinity e Dreieinigkeit
V
Vatican, the r Vatikan
Vatican Council, the s Vatikanische Konzil
Vatican City e Vatikanstadt
veil r Schleier
to take the veil den Schleier nehmen, ins Kloster gehen
vespers e Vesper
vestment r Ornat, e Robe
virgin birth, the e jungfräuliche Geburt
Virgin Mary, the e Jungfrau Maria
the Blessed Virgin e Heilige Jungfrau Maria
vow (of silence, chastity, etc.) s Gelübde
take a vow of silence Schweigen geloben
take one's vows sein Gelübde ablegen
Vulgate n. e Vulgata (Jerome's Latin translation of the Bible dating back to the 4th century.)
W
watchwords n., pl. Losungen pl., r Losungstext
Wisdom of Salomon die Weisheit Salomons (Salomos, Salomonis), salomonische Weisheit
Wise Men, The die Weisen, die Heiligen Drei Könige
Also see: Die Bibel - Weihnachten (Christmas)
worship n. e Verehrung, e Anbetung
worship v. anbeten, den Gottesdienst abhalten (in church), die Messe feiern (Catholic)
Y
yarmulke (Jewish skullcap) e Jarmulke, s Gebetskäppchen
yashmak, yasmak r Schleier (Muslim veil wrapped around a woman's head to expose only the eyes)
Z
Zechariah Sacharja
Zen s Zen
Zen Buddhism r Zen-Buddhismus
Zeus r Zeus (mythol.)
Zephaniah Zefanja
Zion s Zion
Zionism r Zionismus
Zionist adj. zionistisch
Zionist n. r Zionist, e Zionistin
Zoroaster r Zoroaster, r Zarathustra
Zoroastrian adj. zoroastrisch
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