World and European History
Chronik der Geschichte 2
An English-German History Timeline
German, European, and World History
in German and English - PART 2
Intro > Bis 1000 > 1001-1200 > 1201-1400 > 1401-1600
1601-1800 > 1801-1900 > 1901-2000 > Berlin: 1945-2000
Hist. Quizzes | Famous Germans, Austrians, Swiss
Click on hyperlinked words or phrases for an English definition and/or more information.
1001-1200
- 1056 | Heinrich IV. (1050-1106) becomes the German king. Under his rule the German monarchy reaches the zenith of its power. But infighting and the ongoing struggle between the kings and the papacy (Investiture Struggle, Investiturstreit) under Heinrich and the members of the Salian dynasty (Salier) before and after him keeps Germany fragmented. Heinrich is also known for his humiliation at Canossa (Bußgang nach Canossa) in 1077 by Pope Gregory VII, in which he had to give in to the pope (der Papst) over the appointment of church officials. In return the pope lifts Heinrich's excommunication.
- 1096-1099 | Erster Kreuzzug - Jerusalem is captured in the First Crusade. The original purpose was for western Christianity to take back the Holy Land (das Heilige Land) from the "heathen" Muslims in the name of the pope. Over time the Crusades were distorted by greed, fanaticism and politics. The eighth and last was in 1270.
- 1122 | Wormser Konkordat - The Concordat of Worms ends the Investiture Struggle but also leaves the emperor (Heinrich V) weakened.
- 1147-1149 | Zweiter Kreuzzug - Konrad III. (1093-1152) takes part in the unsuccessful Second Crusade. It fails to take Damascus.
- 1147-1149 | Friedrich I. (Friedrich Barbarossa, 1152-1190) - The Hohenstaufen emperor brings new strength to the German realm, but after his death (by drowning while on the Third Crusade) the German Holy Roman Empire lapses into disunity. Barbarossa's grandson and successor Friedrich II (1194-1250) is a "brilliant failure" and too weak to preserve what his grandfather achieved.
- 1189 | Dritter Kreuzzug - The Third Crusade, the "Crusade of Kings" (Friedrich Barbarossa, Richard I and Philip Augustus). Barbarossa ertrinkt in einem Fluss in Kleinasien. Barbarossa drowns in a river in Asia Minor, Philip Augustus returns to France, leaving Richard the Lion-Hearted to finish things up. It all ends in a truce.
- 1215 | Friedrich II. (1194-1250) assumes the throne as emperor.
NEXT > 1201-1400
Bis 1000 > 1001-1200 > 1201-1400 > 1401-1600
1601-1800 > 1801-1900 > 1901-2000 > Berlin: 1945-2000
Hist. Quizzes | Famous Germans, Austrians, Swiss
Deutsche Geschichte - Quizarbeiten
German history quizzes - in German.
Deutsche Geschichte - Inhalt
German history in German and English. Our contents page with articles, reference pages and links for Germanic history.
Famous Germans, Austrians, Swiss
Learn more about significant German-speaking people.
German Newsletters
Subscribe to a free newsletter!
| German Forum 1 |
Deutsches Forum 2New posts to the Das Deutsche Forum forums: |