For example:
die Frau (the woman, singular) ---> die Frauen (plural)
Die Frau geht spazieren. (The woman is taking a walk.)
Die Frauen gehen spazieren.
Nouns in this group add -en when the noun in singular ends in a consonant, such as der Schmerz (the pain) ---> die Schmerzen. Exceptions to this rule are when the word ends in the consonants -l or -r, then the noun will add -n only.
For example:
die Kartoffel (the potato)---> die Kartoffeln
der Vetter (the cousin)---> die Vettern.
When nouns in this group end in a vowel, -n will be added. Exceptions to this rule are when the vowels are the diphthongs -au or -ei.
For example:
die Pfau (the peacock) ---> die Pfauen
die Bäckerei (the bakery) ---> die Bäckereien
Also, nouns that end with -in add -nen in the plural, such as die Musikantin (the female musician) ---> die Musikantinnen.
See chart below for more examples of this plural noun group.
Plural Nouns With –N/EN Endings
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| nom. acc. dat. gen. | die Schwester (the sister) die Schwester der Schwester der Schwester | die Schwestern die Schwestern den Schwestern der Schwestern |
| nom. acc. dat. gen. |
der Mensch (the human) den Menschen dem Menschen des Menschen | die Menschen die Menschen den Menschen der Menschen |
