Suffixes in German Adjectives I

Many German words can be converted into adjectives by adding suffixes. There are several options of suffixes that contribute to different meanings for adjectives. See below for ways that nouns can be changed into adjectives. See also Suffixes in German Adjectives II.

Suffix	Possible Meaning	Example
-haft	to accentuate a specific trait	Die Aufführung war sagenhaft./ The performance was marvelous
-los	without	Er ist schon seit Monaten arbeitslos./ He’s been unemployed for months.
-ig	in a certain way	Dieser Mann ist schläfrig./ This man is sleepy.
-isch	of origin, belonging to; also added to some foreign words	Ich bin italienisch; Der Junge ist autistisch/ I am italien; The boy is autistic.
lich	a characteristic, in the manner of	Ich finde das herrlich; Herzliche Grüβe/ I find that wonderful; Heartfelt Greetings.
-arm	> lacking in	seelenarm/ low, poor in spirit
-frei	without	arbeitsfrei / work-free
-leer	without	luftleer / air-free
-reich	plenty	vitaminreich/ vitamin-rich
-voll	plenty	eimervoll/ bucketfull
-fest	something stable, solid	wasserfest/ watertight